Equipment needed depends largely upon where, when and how one is trekking. The main emphasis while trekking is on keeping warm and dry while still being lightweight. For lower altitude, fleece jackets and pants are adequate, while at higher altitudes down jackets are advisable. Waterproof, wind-proof jackets and pants, well broken-in footwear, head covering are also recommended. Good sleeping bags, sunglasses, drinking water bottle, torchlight, sun block cream, toiletries, first aid kit and a very good route map are other items necessary. Cameras, on the other hand are hand are handy for taking home memories.

Trekking equipments are available in Kathmandu, Pokhara and Namche Bajaar.

Health and Medicine:
Medication shops are few on trekking routes. Therefore, it is best to carry first aid kit and read about the possible problems before hand. On the Everest base Camp route at Pheriche and and on the Annapurna Circuit route at Manang, there are clinics operated by the Himalayan rescue Association that specializes in treating trekker’s health problems. These clinics are open only during the main trekking seasons. While on treks, the following problems could occur:

1. Upset stomach, often caused by change in diet or contaminated food and water is a common ailment. To avoid it, one should pay particular attention to hygiene and quality of food and drinks.
2. Cough, cold, sore throats, common in the dry mountain air can lead to chest infection. Sore throats can best be avoided by attempting not tot breathe cold air directly though mouth. Smoking should also be avoided.
3. Joint muscle strains, foot problems and blisters are other hindrances for trekkers. Wearing good footwear will go a long way in avoiding these problems. For sprains and strains, apply cold water to reduce swelling and support the joint with crepe bandage.
4. Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) is a fatal sickness caused by random altitude ascension. Therefore climbers ascending 3,000 meters or above should acquire sound knowledge of proper acclimatization processes. Symptoms of AMS include headache, loss of appetite, swelling of limbs, dizziness, difficulty in sleeping, irregular breathing, nausea and unusual weariness. Maintaining good fluid intake helps combat altitude sickness and hurried descent or evacuation to lower altitude is the only best cure.

Safety and security:
Nepal is a safe country to trek provided the basic rules are observed. When with trekking agency most contingencies are handled by anger staff. However, one could get lost or hurt and have no one to ask for help when trekking alone. Therefore, trekkers should either trek with agencies, or hire reliable guides are available for women trekkers. The nest way to avoid risk while trekking is through through planning, playing by the rules and realizing human limitations. In case of misfortune, a short detailed message should be dispatched to a reliable organization or individual immediately for rescue operation. If communication facilities are unavailable, normal first aid principles should be followed till help arrives. Some of the safety rules to abide by are:

1. Do not trek alone.
2. Do not make a display of wealth.
3. Keep belongings secure and within sight.
4. Make arrangements for handling emergency situations before hand.
5. Register personal information and trekking plan details with respective embassies.
6. Buy travel insurance policy that covers helicopter rescue cost. Leave a copy of details with an agency in Kathmandu.
7. Choose only authorized government registered trekking agencies, guides and porters.

Environmental issue;
A general advise to trekking is to leave only footprints and take only photographs. However, the recent developments along trekking trails have been of concern to environmentalists and locals alike. The sprouting of teahouses along trekking trails demand wood for construction and fuel, which has led to deforestation. In addition, the amount of waste has increased without proper mechanism for disposal, making some of the popular trails both unsightly and unhealthy. With increased awareness on the part of trekkers and local people, this trend is changing. However, message still needs to be passed across for a more environmentally sound trekking. For vigilant trekking the following rules must be followed:

1. Ensure that your trekking company supplies sufficient kerosene or gas got cooking.
2. Dispose biodegradable waste properly and carry non-biodegradable waste out or dump them in properly constructed waste pit.
3. Ensure that campsites are left clean and that toilet pits are properly filled in after use.